Use extra VPS storage on Linux: identify the disk layout, grow a supported partition or LVM volume, then extend ext4 or XFS and check the result.
A disk upgrade increases the virtual disk size. Linux may still show the old usable space until you expand the partition and filesystem.
Make a current off-server backup before changing partitions or filesystems. The examples cover ext4 and XFS on a single disk, with or without a simple LVM layout. They do not cover RAID, encrypted volumes or moving partitions.
If the partition already fills the disk, it does not need this step. If Linux cannot reread the partition table, arrange a clean reboot and inspect the result before continuing; do not force repeated writes.
If the physical volume is inside a partition, grow that partition first using its actual number. For example, /dev/vda3 requires growpart -N /dev/vda 3, followed by growpart /dev/vda 3 after checking the preview.Let LVM recognise the larger physical volume:
sudo pvresize /dev/vda3sudo vgs
Substitute your actual physical volume. If the volume group already has enough free space, a partition change and pvresize are unnecessary.Extend the root logical volume by an amount no greater than the group’s free space. This example adds 10 GiB; replace both the amount and logical-volume path:
sudo lvextend -L +10G /dev/VG/ROOT_LV
Then grow the filesystem: for ext4, run sudo resize2fs /dev/VG/ROOT_LV; for XFS mounted at /, run sudo xfs_growfs /. Do not allocate space to a different logical volume by guessing its name.
Do not delete swap, EFI or recovery partitions just to make growpart succeed. Moving partitions requires a separate maintenance and recovery plan. The Linux rescue guide explains how to inspect the disk and recover files; booting rescue media alone does not make a partition move safe.For a layout you cannot safely extend, consider moving your data to a freshly installed VPS with the required disk size, then verifying the new installation before cancelling the old one.
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XFS cannot be shrunk with this command.`})]}),_jsxs(Tab,{title:`LVM with ext4 or XFS`,id:`lvm-with-ext4-or-xfs`,children:[_jsx(_components.p,{children:`Inspect the volume names and free space:`}),_jsx(CodeBlock,{filename:``,numberOfLines:`3`,language:`shellscript`,children:_jsx(_components.pre,{className:`shiki shiki-themes github-light-default dark-plus`,style:{backgroundColor:`#ffffff`,\"--shiki-dark-bg\":`#0B0C0E`,color:`#1f2328`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#D4D4D4`},language:`shellscript`,children:_jsxs(_components.code,{language:`shellscript`,numberOfLines:`3`,children:[_jsxs(_components.span,{className:`line`,children:[_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#953800`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#DCDCAA`},children:`sudo`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0A3069`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#CE9178`},children:` pvs`})]}),`\n`,_jsxs(_components.span,{className:`line`,children:[_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#953800`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#DCDCAA`},children:`sudo`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0A3069`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#CE9178`},children:` vgs`})]}),`\n`,_jsxs(_components.span,{className:`line`,children:[_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#953800`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#DCDCAA`},children:`sudo`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0A3069`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#CE9178`},children:` lvs`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0550AE`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#569CD6`},children:` -o`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0A3069`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#CE9178`},children:` lv_path,lv_size,vg_name`})]}),`\n`]})})}),_jsxs(_components.p,{children:[`If the physical volume is inside a partition, grow that partition first using its `,_jsx(_components.strong,{children:`actual number`}),`. For example, `,_jsx(_components.code,{children:`/dev/vda3`}),` requires `,_jsx(_components.code,{children:`growpart -N /dev/vda 3`}),`, followed by `,_jsx(_components.code,{children:`growpart /dev/vda 3`}),` after checking the preview.`]}),_jsx(_components.p,{children:`Let LVM recognise the larger physical volume:`}),_jsx(CodeBlock,{filename:``,numberOfLines:`2`,language:`shellscript`,children:_jsx(_components.pre,{className:`shiki shiki-themes github-light-default dark-plus`,style:{backgroundColor:`#ffffff`,\"--shiki-dark-bg\":`#0B0C0E`,color:`#1f2328`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#D4D4D4`},language:`shellscript`,children:_jsxs(_components.code,{language:`shellscript`,numberOfLines:`2`,children:[_jsxs(_components.span,{className:`line`,children:[_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#953800`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#DCDCAA`},children:`sudo`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0A3069`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#CE9178`},children:` pvresize`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0A3069`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#CE9178`},children:` /dev/vda3`})]}),`\n`,_jsxs(_components.span,{className:`line`,children:[_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#953800`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#DCDCAA`},children:`sudo`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0A3069`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#CE9178`},children:` vgs`})]}),`\n`]})})}),_jsxs(_components.p,{children:[`Substitute your actual physical volume. If the volume group already has enough free space, a partition change and `,_jsx(_components.code,{children:`pvresize`}),` are unnecessary.`]}),_jsxs(_components.p,{children:[`Extend the root logical volume by an amount no greater than the group’s free space. This example adds `,_jsx(_components.strong,{children:`10 GiB`}),`; replace both the amount and logical-volume path:`]}),_jsx(CodeBlock,{filename:``,numberOfLines:`1`,language:`shellscript`,children:_jsx(_components.pre,{className:`shiki shiki-themes github-light-default dark-plus`,style:{backgroundColor:`#ffffff`,\"--shiki-dark-bg\":`#0B0C0E`,color:`#1f2328`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#D4D4D4`},language:`shellscript`,children:_jsxs(_components.code,{language:`shellscript`,numberOfLines:`1`,children:[_jsxs(_components.span,{className:`line`,children:[_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#953800`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#DCDCAA`},children:`sudo`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0A3069`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#CE9178`},children:` lvextend`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0550AE`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#569CD6`},children:` -L`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0A3069`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#CE9178`},children:` +10G`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0A3069`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#CE9178`},children:` /dev/VG/ROOT_LV`})]}),`\n`]})})}),_jsxs(_components.p,{children:[`Then grow the filesystem: for ext4, run `,_jsx(_components.code,{children:`sudo resize2fs /dev/VG/ROOT_LV`}),`; for XFS mounted at `,_jsx(_components.code,{children:`/`}),`, run `,_jsx(_components.code,{children:`sudo xfs_growfs /`}),`. Do not allocate space to a different logical volume by guessing its name.`]})]})]}),`\n`,_jsx(`span`,{id:`verify`}),`\n`,_jsx(Heading,{level:`2`,id:`4-verify-the-result`,children:`4. Verify the result`}),`\n`,_jsx(CodeBlock,{filename:``,numberOfLines:`2`,language:`shellscript`,children:_jsx(_components.pre,{className:`shiki shiki-themes github-light-default dark-plus`,style:{backgroundColor:`#ffffff`,\"--shiki-dark-bg\":`#0B0C0E`,color:`#1f2328`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#D4D4D4`},language:`shellscript`,children:_jsxs(_components.code,{language:`shellscript`,numberOfLines:`2`,children:[_jsxs(_components.span,{className:`line`,children:[_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#953800`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#DCDCAA`},children:`lsblk`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0550AE`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#569CD6`},children:` -o`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0A3069`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#CE9178`},children:` NAME,SIZE,TYPE,FSTYPE,MOUNTPOINTS`})]}),`\n`,_jsxs(_components.span,{className:`line`,children:[_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#953800`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#DCDCAA`},children:`df`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0550AE`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#569CD6`},children:` -hT`}),_jsx(_components.span,{style:{color:`#0A3069`,\"--shiki-dark\":`#CE9178`},children:` /`})]}),`\n`]})})}),`\n`,_jsxs(_components.p,{children:[_jsx(_components.code,{children:`df`}),` should show the larger usable filesystem. Check that your applications work and that the system logs contain no storage errors.`]}),`\n`,_jsx(`span`,{id:`identify-the-new-swap-partition`}),`\n`,_jsx(`span`,{id:`mount-system-rescue-cd-and-boot`}),`\n`,_jsx(Heading,{level:`2`,id:`if-another-partition-is-in-the-way`,children:`If another partition is in the way`}),`\n`,_jsxs(_components.p,{children:[`Do not delete swap, EFI or recovery partitions just to make `,_jsx(_components.code,{children:`growpart`}),` succeed. Moving partitions requires a separate maintenance and recovery plan. The `,_jsx(_components.a,{href:`/vps-management/linux-rescue`,children:`Linux rescue guide`}),` explains how to inspect the disk and recover files; booting rescue media alone does not make a partition move safe.`]}),`\n`,_jsx(_components.p,{children:`For a layout you cannot safely extend, consider moving your data to a freshly installed VPS with the required disk size, then verifying the new installation before cancelling the old one.`})]})}function MDXContent(props={}){const{wrapper:MDXLayout}={..._provideComponents(),...props.components};return MDXLayout?_jsx(MDXLayout,{...props,children:_jsx(_createMdxContent,{...props})}):_createMdxContent(props)}return{default:MDXContent};function _missingMdxReference(id,component){throw new Error(`Expected `+(component?`component`:`object`)+\" `\"+id+\"` to be defined: you likely forgot to import, pass, or provide it.\")}","frontmatter":{},"scope":{"codeStyling":"system","config":{},"pageMetadata":{"title":"Expand a Linux filesystem after a disk upgrade","sidebarTitle":"Resize Linux disk","description":"Use extra VPS storage on Linux: identify the disk layout, grow a supported partition or LVM volume, then extend ext4 or XFS and check the result.","href":"/advanced-setup-guides/resize-linux-disk"}}},"mdxSourceWithNoJs":null},"mdxExtracts":{"tableOfContents":[{"title":"1. 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